A few years ago when I experienced a job loss and renewal, I began to consider how my. From the time it was published, it has been taught to children who, I’m sure, have no life context for the meaning of it all. In 1954, Abraham Maslow introduced his Hierarchy of Needs model as a way to explain human motivation. Maslow and Major Life Changes.
The construct validity of the scale was obtained using exploratory factor analysis, showing 3 factors with Eigen values greater than 1 (1 and 5 items: α = 0.72 2, 4 items: α = 0.78 3, 6 items: α = 0.69). The interclass correlation coefficient was 0.87, which indicated good test retest reliability (r = 0.87, P < 0.01). The CVI and CVR were used to assess content validity.The item total correlation and internal consistency (total alpha) were 0.79, 0.85, and 0.87, respectively. Internal consistency reliability was assessed with Cronbach’s alpha.
Maslow Burnout Inventory Series Of Articles
It seems that the origin of the word burnout started from the perspective of illicit drug use. Using the term burnout was reported at first by Herbert Freudenberg, a clinical psychologist, ( 3) in a series of articles related to psychological issues ( 4). In the past 30 years, the researchers and managers’ interests in the problem of burnout have strongly increased due to its negative effects on the staff ( 2).If we look into the history of the term burnout, we may mention 1970s when the researchers were trying to find a word to express the psychological reality of a person in his/her workplace.
Reported that more than 300 articles had been printed on burnout. However, in 1994 Duquette et al. For example, Perlman and Hartman stated that in 1982, only 48 articles have been published on burnout. Several scientific papers have been published on burnout. In the tenth revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD10), the term burnout was described under Z.73.0 as follows: “burnout - state of total exhaustion” ( 5).
Depending on its duration and intensity, burnout has often more negative social consequences. These syndromes may lead a person to a variety of mental and physical illnesses. This syndrome leads to one’s negative self-concept, negative attitudes towards work, and lack of communication with others (client, customer, applicants) ( 9). The relationships people have in their workplace and the problems that could occur from the disruption of these relationships have existed long before, so they should be considered as an important phenomenon in human life.From the perspective of Maslach and Jackson, burnout reduces the adjustment power due to the physical and emotional stressors and fatigue syndrome. Although the emergence of the burnout concept, as we know it today, began in the 1970s, this does not mean that burnout suddenly emerged in this period.
Depression could be defined as a way of reacting to issues the employees deal with and perceived as impossible, and a clinical mental disorder, could especially be seen in melancholy state ( 11). In fact, job burnout has series of consequences at the individual, work, and organization level which are as follow: as the individual level (burnout, chronic fatigue, weariness, mental confusion, anxiety, depression, psychosomatic complaints, increased use of toxic substances, extend to private life, and doubting their ability to accomplish a task) at the work level (job dissatisfaction, reduced organizational commitment, and intention to leave the job,) and at the organization level (increased absenteeism, reduced work performance, and reduced quality of services) ( 10). From the social perspectives, burnout might result in increasing the risk of long and frequent absenteeism, and early corruption ( 5).
Among these 3 elements, this one is always the primary symptom of burnout ( 12). At this level, the person gradually loses his/ her motivation due to exhaustion, and gets bored with the job. These components are as follow:The first component is related to the emotional atrophy, emotional exhaustion or emotional forces in a person.
In the perspective of Garden (1987), personal success also shows some aspects of self-efficacy, that is the person’s ability to maintain control on the operation and skills in his/her performance. More precisely, in this component, performance or achievement (perception) of the person is flawed, not his actual performance and success. The person feels he is not successful in his/her job.
Concluded that the questionnaire and its items could generalized to the population of staffs whose work is not related to human services ( 12).Thus, burnout inventory was designed in 3 areas: (1) the Maslach Burnout in Human Services Survey (Health Issue) (MBI-HSS), (2) the Maslach Burnout in Educators Survey (MBI-ES), and (3) the Maslach burnout inventory general survey (MBI-GS). The questionnaire was only allocated to those who worked in human service professions ( 9). Based on this approach, Maslach and Jackson (1981) created a 22-item questionnaire to measure the various aspects of burnout. These 3 components are separated in concept and they are empirically related to each other ( 14). Although these symptoms are associated with each other, they are less simultaneous in response to work related stress.
This attempt helped add to our knowledge of burnout and its correlation between other variables.The present study aimed at evaluating the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Maslach burnout inventory (general survey version) in the IranianThis cross sectional study included a total sample of 331 individuals. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the psychometric properties of the MBI-GS fill, its gaps in the relevant researches, and taking a step to correct past studies. However, it was found that in several studies, the Burnout Inventory GS HSS version was used without considering the specific occupations of the staff, meaning that the versions for each population have not been used properly in the previous researches. However, what has been ignored is that there are 3 types of Burnout Inventory, each defined for certain professions. This questionnaire has been evaluated in several papers, with a review of the literature on burnout ( 13, 15, 16).
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